Foam Stored Pressure Fire Extinguisher Essay Example for Free

Foam Stored Pressure Fire Extinguisher Essay Introduction The fire extinguisher is a portable device used to put out fires of limited size. Such fires are grouped into four classes, according to the type of material that is burning. Class A fires include those in which ordinary combustibles such as wood, cloth, and paper are burning. Class B fires are those in which flammable liquids, oils, and grease are burning. Class C fires are those involving live electrical equipment. Class D fires involve combustible metals such as magnesium, potassium, and sodium. Each class of fire requires its own type of fire extinguisher. Foam extinguishers use an aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) agent that expels a layer of foam when it is discharged through a nozzle. It acts as a barrier to prevent oxygen from feeding the fire. Although each class of fire has a specific extinguisher, the foam extinguisher is useful for both Class A and Class B fires; however, it is best suited for Class B. This description explains to the general homeowner the structure, assembly, and operating principle of the foam fire extinguisher. Fire extinguishers come in many sizes depending on the preference of the buyer. Foam fire extinguishers consist of a metal cylinder filled with an aqueous film forming foam usually under pressure of some form of non-flammable gas. A siphon tube directs the foam up through an assembly consisting of a handle and operating lever, which is secured during any period of non-use by a safety pin. The operating lever, when depressed, allows the foam to spray out of a hose connected to the siphon tube. Most extinguishers are replaced after a single use in order to assure dependability and to lessen the possibility of malfunction. The foam fire extinguisher contains five interlocking parts: *Safety pin *Handle *Hose *Operating lever *Siphon tube (See Figure 1 on following page) Figure 1 Parts of a foam stored pressure fire extinguisher. Description and Function of Parts Handle. The handle is usually a solid, unmovable piece of metal that stretches horizontally above the cylinder. Attached securely to the metal cylinder, the handle is the part by which the fire extinguisher is meant to be carried and held while in use. Operating Lever. The operating lever is connected to the handle above and to the siphon tube below. After the safety pin has been removed, the operating handle can be depressed, allowing the foam inside to be released into the hose. Safety Pin. The safety pin is constructed of a durable metal and is intended to keep the operating lever from being depressed while not in use. The pin is intended to be removed before any use of the fire extinguisher. Hose. The hose is a piece of rubber tube approximately two to three feet in length. The hose is connected to the siphon tube through the operating lever. When the lever is depressed, it is through the hose that the foam is allowed to escape. During use, the operator must hold the hose in order to direct the foam spray. Siphon Tube. The siphon tube is a stainless steel rod approximately the same length as the cylinder. Located inside the metal cylinder, the siphon tube is connected to the operating lever. When the lever is depressed, the foam is powered up the tube by the pressurized gas and expelled through the hose. Metal Container. The metal container containing the extinguishing foam varies in size depending on how much liquid it holds. The typical household fire extinguisher usually contains approximately 2 liters of foam. The cylinder is constructed of several layers (See Figure 1). The outer layers are usually thin layers of fire resistant sheets. In the middle, the bulk of the cylinder is made of steel. The innermost layer is a thin sheet of aluminum that separates the steel core from the foam inside the container. Summary and Operating Description As described, the foam stored pressure fire extinguisher is quite simple in its design. Constructed from parts intended to make the extinguisher easy to use and also to allow the extinguisher to be safely kept in any household, the foam stored fire extinguisher is a necessary part of every home. For safe recognition, all fire extinguisher use picture/labeling to designate which types of fires they are to be used on. Most fire extinguishers are labeled with colored geometrical shapes with letter designations. Although the foam stored pressure fire extinguisher can be used on both Class A and Class B fires, it is best used for Class B; therefore, it is most likely to be only labeled with the Class B shape and letter designation (Figure 2). However, some companies place both Class A (Figure 3) and Class B descriptions on the cylinder allowing users to know that it can be used for both classes of fires. Figure 3 Class A fire labels. (Crown Fire Equipment) Figure 3 Class B fire labels. (Crown Fire Equipment) In the case of a Class A or B fire involving combustibles (such as wood, cloth, or paper) or liquids (such as oil or grease) the foam fire extinguisher is very useful. In an operating cycle, the fire extinguisher is picked up and held by the solid handle. After the safety pin is removed, the operating handle is depressed, allowing the foam inside the metal container to flow up the siphon tube and out of the hose to extinguish the fire.

The American Civil War was Unavoidable Essay -- American history, econ

If one thing is clear from studying early American history, it is that the Civil War was an unavoidable tragedy. Often, hindsight allows us to recognize those points at which history could have taken a different direction, if only some person or thing were different in some way. This is not the case with the American Civil War. Four factors support the notion of inevitability. This paper will explore the way that economics, previous compromises, changing social mores and values, and the nature of politics laid a foundation for the continued regional conflict which eventually resulted in the Civil War. The economic aspects often come in second to morality when discussing slavery in the South’s plantation economy, but they are worth considering as they are fundamental to why slavery as an institution became so hard to dismantle. Slavery kept plantations partially immune from market fluctuations. Having no labor costs allowed the Southern, less diversified economy to be competitive with the North and European countries. For this reason, slavery became a crucial factor in keeping many industries viable and profitable, including primary and secondary manufacturing, transportation, shipping, and public sector jobs such as infrastructure construction (Starobin, 1970). The South’s financial success was built on a foundation of slave labor, and for this reason, the government had an incentive for the active promotion and protection of slavery. Laws were written to help maintain the institution because without it, the economy would likely have faltered significantly. Early c olonial laws such as the Navigation Acts gave slavery conditions under which it thrived and grew (Post, 1982). The Constitution’s Three-Fifths clause was a... ...continue in this country and around the world to this day. Works Cited History Detectives. (n.d.). Web. 10 Nov. 2015. http://www.pbs.org/opb/historydetectives/feature/causes-of-the-civil-war/ Justice. (n.d.). Web. 10 Nov. 2015. http://academic.udayton.edu/race/03justice/aalaws01.htm Post, C. (1982). The American road to capitalism. New Left Review, 133(1), 30-51. Roark, J.L., Johnson, M. P., Cohen, P. C., Stage, S., Lawson, A., Hartmann, S. M. (2009). The American Promise: A History of the United States to 1877. Boston, MA: Bedford/St. Martin’s. Starobin, R. (1970). The economics of Slavery in the Old South. The Business History Review, Vol. 44 (2). 131-174.http://www.jstor.org/stable/3112351 Trigger events of the Civil War. (n.d.). Web. 10 Nov. 2015. http://www.civilwar.org/education/history/civil-war-overview/triggerevents.html

Chain of Command Informed

The reason it is important to keep your chain of command informed is because when you are in the military you never know what any one person might need you for and you are a solider ours a day 7 days a week 365 days a year. A few of the other reasons are the chain of command mite need to contact you because your unit is being activated in which case you will have to show up with all of the bags and whatever else they tell you to bring in at a certain place at a certain time.Another reason is you may have to take a pips test in which case you will have to show up at a retain place at a certain time. One of the biggest reasons you have to keep you chain of command informed is because of accountability your chain of command must have 100 percent accountability of all the soldiers assigned to them at all times. You must also keep your chain of command informed incase a solider comes up missing so they know that it is not you.Another big reason you must keep you chain of command informed is because if the unit gets a red cross message for you they have to know were you are and be able to get a hold of you no matter what because if your nit gets a red cross message then It Is normally something real serious it could h/ death in your family or a family member severely ill an you need to get home as soon as possible to comfort your other family members/Also because if you are stationed in Germany or any of the other countries outside the united states that the united states army has a base at you are always at a higher threat level then army bases In the unites states so their for If something ever happens to a solider out side of the army base you are stationed on your chain of command needs to know that It Isn't you an they wont have the time to run around an look for you. 4th Is also Important to keep your chain of command Informed because If a sensitive Items comes up missing then no one can go any were till the sensitive Item Is found. Those are some of the reason s that you must keep your chain of command Informed of your whereabouts at all times. The definition of Dereliction of duty Is a specific offense under United States Code Title 10,892. Article 92 and applies to all branches of the US military. A service member who Is derelict has willfully refused to perform his duties (or follow a given order) or has Incapacitated himself In such a way that he cannot perform his duties.Incapacitation Includes falling asleep while on-duty; getting drunk and being unable to perform his duties; or vacating his post contrary to regulations. Article 92 also applies to service members whose acts or omissions rise result In criminally negligent behavior Reasons It Is Important to Keep Your Chain of Command Informed By unimpassioned unit gets a red cross message then it is normally something real serious it could h/ states army has a base at you are always at a higher threat level then army bases in the unites states so their for if something ever happens to a solider out side of the army base you are stationed on your chain of command needs to know that it isn't you an they wont have the time to run around an look for you. T is also important to keep your chain of command informed because if a sensitive items comes up missing hen no one can go any were till the sensitive item is found. Those are some of the reasons that you must keep your chain of command informed of your whereabouts at all times. The definition of Dereliction of duty is a specific offense under United States member who is derelict has willfully refused to perform his duties (or follow a given order) or has incapacitated himself in such a way that he cannot perform his duties. Incapacitation includes falling asleep while on-duty; getting drunk and being unable applies to service members whose acts or omissions rise result in criminally

What Is Mental Illness - 1380 Words

What is Mental Illness? In my essay, I will be looking to answer this deceptively simple question by exploring various avenues, mainly making a comparison both the medical and philosophical differences. I will attempt to first make a distinct definition of what mental illness is as a medical term, defining exactly what it is, how it affects us and people around us. I believe this is an important definition to make as it allows us to better understand mental illness in medicine, mainly how it affects our minds and daily life, which will greater allow us to approach the question philosophically. I will be explore how some believe that mental illness is an encroaching problem on modern society in terms of the amount of people affected by it,†¦show more content†¦Because it is something that affects one’s mind, it is more difficult to define such as a physical illness, which is why there are lots of debates, as to what mental illness is, and what defines a feeling as being an illness. According to some statistics one in four adults in the UK are affected by mental illness in any given year [2], making it one of the most ‘populated’ diseases in the country and even the world. This statistic really lends itself to either say, mental illness is a huge problem in the world, and is something we really need to address and work on, or that mental illness is being exaggerated, and people having bad or uncomfortable feelings are too easily being chalked up to an illness. To further explore this idea, we can look at how some people both past and present have defined mental illness in its medical state, and see if we can understand which one of the statements is true, again this should give us a better standpoint when we approach it philosophically. Mental illness would fall into the category of psychiatry, as it is a psychological illness, and therefore is treated by doctors whose expertise is in the mind. If we were to assume that mental illness does in fact exist,